Ear catarrh refers to the accumulation of mucus in the middle ear, often resulting from colds, sinus infections, or allergies. This build-up can lead to a sensation of fullness, hearing difficulties, and sometimes dizziness.
The phlegm in the ears - also called tubal phlegm - is due to an inflammation that causes accumulation of mucus that is not easily drained. The main causes of catarrh in the ear are the same as the ones seen above, but in particular:
The formation of phlegm in the ears is determined by some forms of otitis that cause inflammation of the mucosa of the middle ear and the attached cavities. The mucous or seromucous exudate can be more or less abundant and partially or totally occupy the chest of the eardrum, which has all the characteristics of inflammation. Less frequently during the summer months, catarrhal otitis media have their highest incidence in winter, in full flu season.
The infectious agents that are most commonly involved in the process are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. The infection and the consequent formation of mucus in the middle ear is determined by the spread and development of the germs which, during an inflammation of the upper airways (nose and throat), through the Eustachian tube, reach the chest of the eardrum.
Symptoms related to the presence of phlegm in the ears are characterised by:
The reduction in hearing ability is usually transitory and resolves with the resolution of the inflammatory phenomenon. In cases of chronicity or the spread of infection to the inner ear, hearing loss can be permanent.
Upon observation of the ear (otoscopy), the tympanic membrane may appear red with congestion of the hammer handle. In more advanced forms, it is possible to highlight a hydro-aerial level or a horizontal line that divides the liquid collection from the air normally present in the middle ear.
Catarrh in the ears, or mucus in the ears, can be uncomfortable, but there are safe ways to relieve it. Here are some effective methods:
It’s important to avoid inserting cotton buds or other objects into the ear, as this can worsen the condition. Regular hearing check-ups can also help monitor ear health and prevent complications.
In addition to the methods above, these home remedies may provide relief:
When catarrh persists for months or even years, it is referred to as chronic catarrh. The exact causes of chronic catarrh remain uncertain, but it is possible that the condition may be related to an abnormal sensation in the lining of the back of the nose and throat. This could explain why people affected by this problem find it difficult to clear the mucus they sense at the back of the throat.
Although chronic catarrh can last for a long time, its symptoms may remain unchanged. In this case, regular monitoring by your doctor might not be necessary. However, if you experience new symptoms such as a blocked or runny nose, loss of smell, sinus pain, sore throat, changes in your voice or difficulty swallowing, the chronic catarrh could be a sign of another underlying condition.
Find out more about other hearing diseases and symptoms
Catarrh in the ears can affect the normal functioning of the vestibular system, which is responsible for balance and spatial orientation. When mucus builds up in the middle ear or blocks the Eustachian tubes, it can create pressure imbalances that disrupt the inner ear’s ability to maintain equilibrium. This may lead to symptoms such as dizziness, light-headedness, or a general feeling of unsteadiness, particularly during sudden head movements or changes in posture.
In many cases, these symptoms are mild and temporary, resolving naturally as the mucus clears. However, persistent or worsening balance problems may indicate an underlying condition that requires medical attention.
You should consult a healthcare professional or GP if dizziness lasts more than a few days, or if it is accompanied by hearing loss, ear pain, or a feeling of fullness in the ear. A proper diagnosis can help identify the cause and guide suitable treatment, which may include medication, ear drops, or other interventions aimed at restoring middle ear function and improving balance.
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