Eustachian Tube Dysfunction: Causes, Remedies and Recovery

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Definition, symptoms and treatment

The auditory tube, also known as the Eustachian tube, is a 3-4 centimetre long ear canal that connects the eardrum with the nasopharynx (nose) and therefore with the outside. Its main function is to ventilate the eardrum and keep the pressure of the middle ear equal to the external pressure. This activity is accomplished through the normal tubal opening and closing movements that occur during swallowing, yawning and other movements that stimulate the tube muscles.

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Eustachian tube blockage: symptoms

The clinical condition known as chronical eustachian tube dysfunction indicates an abnormal and chronic alteration of the physiological mechanism of the eustachian tube opening and closing with a condition of persistent opened tube.

The patulous eustachian tube is a rarely recognised condition that, due to the feeling of pressure in the ear, it is often confused with blocked sinuses or ear infection. It mainly concerns women, affects one ear only and it is characterized by a sensation of blocked ear, autophony and intermittent hearing loss. Other symptoms can include a ringing or buzzing sound in the ears or the feeling of pressure changes in the ear when breathing in and out.

What causes a patulous eustachian tube?

This hearing condition doesn't always have an obvious cause; it usually represents the outcome of various pathological situations, almost always determined by:

Muscle and adipose tissue diseases (in case of excessive and rapid weight loss).
Diuretic drugs, with consequent alteration of the interstitial tissue
Radiotherapeutic action on the tubal mucus.
Chronic inflammatory processes of the nose, throat and tube.
Predisposition to develop nervous and vascular dysfunctions.

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How to unblock the eustachain tube

It can be diffucult to diagnose eustachian tube dysfunction because there is no specific test for the condition and it shares symptoms with earache and tinnitus. With an otoscopy no changes in the tympanic membrane are detected, while with a otomicroscopy small movements of the tympanic membrane synchronised with respiratory movements can be highlighted. The hearing test may highlight a small hearing deficit limited to low frequencies. The tympanogram is usually normal and is characterized by an increase in compliance (high peak) and, sometimes, by a series of spikes that are the graphic representation of the breaths.

As for remedies and blocked eustachian tube treatment, the approach can include:

A visit to your ENT doctor, able to eliminate the cause (chronic ear infections, weight loss, etc.).
Surgery, to remove inflammatory foci (adenoids, tonsils, etc.).
Rehabilitation, carried out with appropriate stimulation exercises of the tube, palate and tongue,

A holistic approach includes also the Eustachian Tube Massage (ETM), that helps reduce pressure and promotes the release of fluid from the tube. It can alleviate congestion and discomfort. A patulous eustachian tube can be a temporary problem but, if symptoms affect daily life, seeing a doctor is advised.

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How I cure my eustachian Tube dysfunction naturally?

If you're looking for natural ways to relieve ETD, you're not alone. Many people find relief through methods such as:

Steam inhalation and nasal irrigation to reduce inflammation.
Yawning, swallowing, or chewing gum to help open the Eustachian tubes.
Using herbal teas or anti-inflammatory foods, especially those rich in turmeric or ginger.
Incorporating vitamins for Eustachian tube dysfunction, particularly Vitamin C and magnesium, which may support immune function and reduce ear pressure.

Always consult a hearing care professional before starting natural treatments to ensure they’re suitable for your condition.

Best Antihistamine for Eustachian Tube Dysfunction

If your ETD is caused by allergies, an antihistamine may provide relief. Choosing the best antihistamine for Eustachian tube dysfunction depends on your symptoms. Non-drowsy options like loratadine or cetirizine are often recommended to reduce inflammation and relieve pressure without interfering with your daily activities. Your GP or audiologist can help you choose the right option based on your medical history.

Flying with Eustachian Tube Dysfunction

Flying with Eustachian tube dysfunction can be uncomfortable, especially during take-off and landing. To minimise ear pressure and pain, try these tips:

Use decongestant nasal sprays before boarding.
Swallow frequently or use the Valsalva manoeuvre to equalise pressure.
Wear filtered earplugs designed for air travel to regulate air pressure more gradually.

If you're planning a flight and are experiencing persistent ETD symptoms, it's best to speak with a hearing specialist beforehand.

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FAQs on Eustachian Tube Dysfunction

How long does eustachian tube dysfunction last?

Wondering how long Eustachian tube dysfunction lasts? For some, it resolves within a few days, especially after a cold or sinus infection. In chronic cases, however, it can last for several weeks or even months. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly reduce the duration and prevent complications like ear infections or hearing loss

Can Eustachian tube dysfunction cause fatigue?

Yes, Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) can cause fatigue in some individuals. The constant sensation of ear pressure, muffled hearing, and associated discomfort can be mentally and physically draining, especially if symptoms persist over time. If you experience ongoing fatigue alongside ear issues, it's worth consulting a healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation.

Can a tooth infection cause Eustachian tube dysfunction?

In some cases, a tooth infection—particularly one affecting the upper molars—can contribute to Eustachian tube dysfunction. The proximity of the upper teeth to the sinuses and ear canals means that inflammation or infection in the mouth can affect surrounding structures, including the Eustachian tubes. Treating the underlying dental issue often helps relieve ear-related symptoms.

Does Eustachian tube dysfunction cause dizziness?

Yes, Eustachian tube dysfunction can cause dizziness or a sense of imbalance. This happens when the pressure between the middle ear and the outer environment is not equalised properly, which can affect your vestibular system. If you're experiencing dizziness along with ear pressure or muffled hearing, it's important to seek a medical assessment to rule out other causes.

How do doctors treat Eustachian tube dysfunction?

Doctors treat Eustachian tube dysfunction based on the underlying cause. Common treatments include:

Nasal decongestants or antihistamines for allergy-related ETD
Nasal corticosteroid sprays to reduce inflammation
Autoinflation techniques like the Valsalva manoeuvre
In more persistent cases, procedures like Eustachian tube balloon dilation may be recommended

Your GP or ENT specialist will advise the most suitable treatment based on your symptoms and medical history.

Can an audiologist diagnose Eustachian tube dysfunction?

Yes, an audiologist can diagnose Eustachian tube dysfunction, particularly if it affects your hearing. Through hearing assessments and tympanometry, they can evaluate how well your middle ear and Eustachian tubes are functioning. If needed, they can refer you to an ENT specialist for further examination or treatment.

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